Looking Back, Looking Ahead

Wow! As they said in those old Virginia Slims advertisements, "You've come a long way, baby!" (Thankfully, that was a long time ago and those cigarette ads are banned.) In any case, I feel like I have come a long way, baby, with my technological skills since we started this class back in September. I am proud to say that I am no longer a scaredy cat about technology, and I definitely gained confidence with my new skills!

While I still want my art students using hands-on materials when they create art, I am also embracing many new possibilities for using technology, both with my students and professionally. I found making the YouTube video of the bamboo Sumi-e painting to be particularly useful. Besides showing the class the video to introduce the painting techniques, I was also able to have students watch it independently in order to reteach the steps, as well as show it to students who were absent on the day of the introduction to the lesson. I did not abandon doing a real life demonstration,  but having both means of showing the students the techniques was really useful. The students were very impressed with the video and even applauded at the end (and I took a bow)! There does seem to be something different about the way students attend to video that enables them to focus more. Maybe because the lights are turned off when a video is shown,  so they are drawn to looking at the screen and are not distracted by other stimuli. I believe more kids got the hang of the painting techniques quickly by having the combination of video along with the live demonstration. I think now I may have to do a whole series of "how to" YouTube videos for art!

Taking this Dominican technology course was good for me, as it forced me to put effort into projects that I would not have had the self-motivation to tackle. I needed the outside force of an assignment to make me persevere with the tough ones. Creating the website was so daunting at first, as there were so many aspects that were completely new and frustrating to figure out. By the end of the semester, when creating a second website for the WebQuest, it came together fairly painlessly, as the process was familiar, and even fun! (It also helped to use wix rather than weebly, as it seems to work more intuitively.) I was so pleased to get a chance to work with Mona on the WebQuest, as we created a unit that we are now really excited to teach with our 5th graders. Had we not had this class together, it is unlikely that we would have found the many hours of time to put together such an appealing unit. That said, we are also more likely to incorporate more technology into our teaching now that we have seen so many new and exciting possibilities! Now maybe I have the needed self-motivation to tackle new tech ideas (but I will still probably need the occasional shove).

The idea of having a Twitter account was not at all appealing to me before, but as the coursework made me delve into it more deeply, I found it led to many meaningful conversations and ideas. I do plan to continue to follow Twitter, and will tweet or retweet when inspired. It's funny, but I didn't even know what the terms tweeting or hashtags really meant until getting exposure to Twitter over the past months. Getting some familiarity with techie terms makes me feel like I am a little more in the loop now. My own kids (who are in their twenties) are impressed with my new tech abilities. My daughter is now going around the house singing the blues song that Mona and I created on our WebQuest. I guess it's a catchy tune, but she still said we were dorks!




https://audioboom.com/posts/5369638-teacher-blues

It was enjoyable to take the class with the variety of District 90 staff and get to know everyone better. We do have District 90 tech refresh classes that I will certainly take and hopefully I will see everyone at those as well. I am so glad that I signed up for this class! When I look ahead, I am excited about trying out the many new ideas we explored over these past few months. This is just the beginning!
Thank you!

I wish everyone a very happy winter break and a fabulous 2017!!!!

Reflective Blog Post #5  Educational Technology Research

Technology Addiction: Concern, Controversy, and Finding Balance

https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/research/csm_2016_technology_addiction_research_brief_0.pdf

This research article discussed the issue of internet addiction. There is considerable controversy about defining internet addiction, since there are so many different activities that are social and interactive, and would not be considered pathological. The amount of time spent using the internet is not really a good measure of addiction, because the internet is used in so many ways. However, the American Psychiatric Association suggests that internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a condition that needs to be addressed and researched more before identifying it as a mental disorder. Studies show that brain scans of individuals meeting the criteria of IGD show similarities between individuals with substance abusers and pathological gamblers. Gray matter density is lower, and this area is associated with executive functioning and impulse control. What is not known is whether obsessive gaming causes a change in the brain or whether people with certain brain structures are more likely to be addictive gamers. There are also studies linking IGD to a possible genetic component. Clearly, internet addiction can be serious and should be studied more thoroughly in order to understand how it might impact a child's development, cognitively, socially and emotionally.

Besides looking at internet gaming disorder, the article discussed other dangers of excessive internet use, including exhaustion and loss of relationships. Other studies looked at technology use as a source of tension in families. One study found that 1/3 of the parents of 8-17 yr. olds struggled to limit media and tech use. Another study found that 54% of the children surveyed felt their parents were on their devices too often and 32% felt unimportant when their parents were using their phones. Still another study showed college students checked their phones for texts every hour or less (every 10 minutes). Still another study explored multitasking and it being a risk factor for mental health problems.

Not every study suggested negative outcomes due to excessive internet use. For teens, the internet offers new ways to engage with others and even maintain relationships with peers. Some studies suggested that posting on Facebook is related to narcissism and a decrease in empathy, while other studies showed a positive relation to perspective taking. Common Sense Media (2012) did a study and found that children between 13-17 years preferred face-to-face interactions with their peers and 52% felt social networking helped their relationships with friends.

The conclusion of this article, addressing the many studies involving technology addiction, suggested a balanced approach to using technology, with adults role modeling for children quality usage of media, as well as making sure time is also spent disconnecting and engaging with others off-line.

Having explored this article and others, I think looking at technology research can be valuable to educators, as it is good to be thoughtful about our use of technology with our students.

TECH TAC TOE: CLICKER SENTENCES

Clicker Sentences app

Clicker Sentences, by Crick Software, is a writing tool that allows emerging and struggling writers to create sentences from a word bank grid. The teacher enters a sentence set and can determine whether there is a model written or spoken sentence, whether words are in alphabetical, random or guided order, and a picture can be added as well. The great thing about this app is that sentences can be highly personalized, according to the student's interests, so writing is more motivating. There are also pre-made sentence sets. The app allows the student to hear the sentence they create, enabling the student to make corrections to the word order if it is incorrect.
Clicker also has other writing apps, including Clicker Connect and Clicker Docs, which are apps with different levels of support for word prediction. Unfortunately, the app is rather expensive, costing $32.99. Clearly, it is an app that would not be used widely in a classroom, but it is very helpful for students with learning difficulties, as it enables them to be successful with creating sentences and stories independently. I am having great success with this app, particularly for students who have very poor fine motor and keyboarding skills. Writing and typing can be laborious for these students, and they often lose interest in the content when so much effort is put into the production of writing or typing, so with Clicker apps they are able to produce written content by simply tapping words.

https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/clicker-sentences/id575603433?mt=8

TECH TAC TOE: EDUCREATIONS

Educreations: TESSELLATIONS - link

Educreations is an app that is an interactive whiteboard and screen casting tool. It can be used by teachers and students to demonstrate a concept, simultaneously drawing and speaking.
I tried using Educreations to demonstrate how to create a tessellation. It was a rather frustrating experience, but that could be because I was watching game four of the World Series at the same time! I believe the app is probably more useful for explaining math operations and other types of lessons than for art. In fact, looking through their featured lessons, there was only one example of a visual art lesson, about color families.
For the tessellation lesson, I had to recreate the drawing over and over, as I found it very hard to talk and draw very accurately at the same time. Part of the problem was I made unwanted noise from moving the iPad and I did not want the shuffling sound, as it was distracting. I could not just redo the sound, so each time I had to redo the drawing as well. I also could not save the first introductory slide, so each time I had to start completely over, importing the image, adding type and speaking again. It would have been better had I been able to start with a shape, then copy and paste the image to show how it could interlock with itself, but that was not possible. The app has its limitations, but there are definitely some useful possibilities for both teachers and students. I like the fact that one can import images and draw directly on them, as it can be really useful for offering visual explanations.
However, I think many people would have the same problem I had, with drawing and talking at the same time. If there was the ability to narrate after the drawing was made, the app would be easier to use.

TECH TAC TOE: Blabberize

Blabberize: Roosevelt High 5 Rules -link

Blabberize is a humorous tool that can be used to motivate students, particularly as a way to share oral information in an entertaining way.  Blabberize is a photo editing tool that turns a photo into an animated talking image. I decided to try it, using a photo of our school mascot to share our school's "High 5 Rules". The tool was simple to use, although getting the mouth to line up took a little experimentation to work reasonably well.
Blabberize could be a creative way for students to share a report on a particular character from history or from a novel.  This could be a great tool for oral presentations, especially for students with special needs, who may have a hard time getting up in front of their peers. It allows for repeated practice when recording the audio. An uninspiring assignment could be turned into a really enjoyable experience with this tool.

Reflective Post:   Digital Tattoos

The parallel between between getting a tattoo and one’s digital image or footprint is an interesting one. What we choose to share in social media cannot be erased completely, so it is important to consider carefully what is posted. Tattoos can be expressions about one’s love, religion, status, a tribute, or simply decorative. Similarly, a person can use social media to transmit all kinds of information about one’s relationships, interests, religion, status, political beliefs and other expressions. It is critical to understand the permanence and power of putting something out on social media and to consider not only the audience for whom the message might be intended, but also others who may be able to view it. Just as one may regret getting a tattoo after a drunken escapade, one might regret posting an opinion in a moment of anger. Additionally, future prospects for education or employment could suffer by a poor decision.

Digital literacy is an area that must be given serious consideration in the classroom and should be an essential part of the curriculum. Not only is it important for students to learn how to gain technological skills, but they should gain wisdom about how to use technology so they benefit from it. Many people can be hurt by using it unwisely, particularly in regards to social media. There are many aspects to technology that need to be considered in the classroom. Besides needing to be informed about smart use of social media, students also need to be critical about the reliability of information they may get on the internet. Brianna Crowley wrote an interesting article in Education Week, addressing digital literacy.  In this article she provides helpful resources to explore related to digital literacy, including strategies for online searches and understanding bias and authenticity of information. She suggests Google A Day challenges for students to learn how to search for meaningful information and watching the TED talk, “How to Separate Fact and Fiction”. 

We cannot assume that students can figure this out on their own. 

What Digital Literacy Looks Like in a Classroom

By Brianna Crowley

http://www.edweek.org/tm/articles/2014/10/29/ctq_crowley_digitalliteracy.html

http://www.ted.com/talks/markham_nolan_how_to_separate_fact_and_fiction_online

https://www.google.com/intl/en-us/insidesearch/searcheducation/lessons.html

DIGITAL STORYTELLING

I used iMovie to create my digital storytelling project. I decided to make my project on a Sumi-e painting technique that I teach my 5th graders each year. The students need to learn precise brushstrokes for this technique and learning how to hold the brush is essential for success. I always demonstrate the various brushstrokes, with the students standing around the table and watching me. Our students all have their own iPads now, so I am thinking that by having the demonstration on a YouTube video, the students can watch and replay the video so they can get additional instruction on the techniques used to create a bamboo Sumi-e painting.

I made an iMovie many years ago, and most of the process came back to me fairly easily, as I remembered how to drag the desired clips, add transitions and text. I purchased lovely meditation music from iTunes to play in the background, but I was not able to figure out how to make the music play behind my narration, even after watching tutorials. I needed a tech support person to show me how to layer the sound, but I gave up and decided just to play the music at the beginning and end of my demonstration. Additionally, I read a warning about using copyrighted music on videos that are put on YouTube, so I abandoned the idea of using my purchased music and chose a jingle from the iMovie selections. I did have a hard time figuring out how to make the volume of my voice match the volume of the music. Again, there are some steps in iMovie that are simply not intuitive. Fortunately, our tech specialist at school was able to show me how to change the volume within clips.

I also had trouble embedding the YouTube video into our class wiki page. I was able to follow the directions fine, apart from pasting the frame code into the html of the web page. That is where I had to ask another classmate for help.

I did think my demonstration was a little rushed, since I needed to keep the video under four minutes in length, and if I did it again I would have my cameraman hold the camera horizontally, as the frames were vertically shot, so did not fill the screen. I definitely think there is a real value to making more demonstration videos for my art classes, particularly so students who are absent or need reteaching can refer to the lessons. I also felt it was much better to narrate the lesson, rather than to talk while demonstrating. This allowed me to focus on the technique while I was being filmed, rather than worrying about my voice and what I had to say. Without having had the requirement of using narration, I don't think I would have thought about that as an option, and I thought it definitely worked better. In the same way, when our students are creating videos in school, using narration might be a better alternative to filming with sound, as the audio is generally poor in a school setting, with too much background noise.

As with any new tech project (creating a web, blog, movie, etc), I learn best when I am able to see someone demonstrate the process. I am definitely a visual learner! That is exactly why I thought making the iMovie of the Sumi-e painting might be useful for my students. I can't describe with only words how to hold and use a brush. In the same way, if I watch a tech demonstration (slowly presented!) I can grasp the procedures far more clearly.

https://youtu.be/Z7tci-TEywM

PLN

I joined #spedchat, a special education PLN . The topic of the evening was goal setting, which was perfect timing for me, as my own professional and student growth plans were needing to be submitted that same week. By chance, I also attended a professional workshop for art teachers earlier in the day, so I got a large dose of teacher energy, enthusiasm and support surrounding our difficult but amazingly rewarding jobs. It was a good day!

The format of #spedchat worked pretty well, as questions related to goal setting (goals for students as well as for ourselves) were introduced throughout the chat, and people replied to questions by indicating A1, A2, A3, etc, depending on which question they were answering. This definitely made the chat easier to follow.  The chat was moderated by Tonya Taylor, from INIS Special Ed. There was a lot of humor and many thoughtful responses to the questions posed, which I appreciated. I think more of the teachers in the chat were involved with high school students, but that was interesting for me, as I will be seeing several of my 8th graders off to the high school at the end of the school year. 

I enjoyed the supportive nature of the live chat, but I found more useful information in the regular Twitter format. I think the speed of the live chat format makes it harder to add links to content. I did find very helpful information from a contributor of #spedchat, although he provided his link to the info at a time other than during the live chat. The link was to Google Tools for Special Needs, providing details about 21 Chrome Extensions for Struggling Students and Special Needs.

It takes a lot of time to weed through tweets. While I enjoy the experience, I am not sure the pay off is worth the amount of energy required to find the nuggets. Still, it is worthwhile when there is some down time, perhaps while in a dentist’s waiting room! 

Active Learning

Thankfully, the old ways of learning in the classroom, with just a textbook and a lecturing teacher, are gradually coming to an end. There is nothing worse than seeing students yawning, out of boredom. With technology, there seems to be an endless number of choices and ways to learn. What really makes a difference is that students are getting to have a say about how they learn. They are given options. When students take ownership of their learning, it has greater meaning. They might be given the choice of making a skit or video, a Powerpoint or Prezi presentation, a Popplet, a newspaper, an art piece, poem, or storyboard. The word “active” in active learning means students are not simply passive learners, but are learning by doing.

While there are so many different technological resources and opportunities, it is important to analyze the value of activities, making sure that learning is possible and not taken over by gimmicks. However, sometimes a little wasted time with gimmicks can be the very factor that motivates a student to engage in learning. The fun factor can make a difference!

For the past several years, I have been co-teaching a remedial reading summer school class that has been very successful, as our students all create a newspaper of their own design. We encourage the students to choose their own topics to research and write about, as well as to add interviews, puzzles and quizzes. What motivates the students is their autonomy with content and design. After writing an article on a topic, they choose images and interesting fonts and layouts for their newspaper. I am amazed by how motivated students are when they can produce a polished piece that looks really professional. Knowing they will print and share the newspaper with others also motivates them to spend more time adding detail to their writing, proofreading, and editing their work.

Some ideas can be simple, but produce surprisingly varied and creative results. A project called "One Year in Six Words" required students to choose words carefully, reducing thier choices to only six words, to sum up thier school year.

One Year in Six Words- Link


PREZI LINK  

The article “What is Learning?” in the USFSP Distance Learning Blog talks about the criteria that makes students active learners. Autonomy, relevance, exploration and reflection are all important in the learning process. 

https://usfspdistancelearning.wordpress.com/2016/07/13/what-is-active-learning

image source

The graphic above shows the different retention rates when students learn by lecture compared with increasingly active and interactive ways of learning. Clearly, the trend to move away from traditional lecturing methods is worthwhile! What matters is what a student takes away from a learning experience, whether the knowledge and skills can be applied at another time or are simply forgotten. Too much energy is wasted with rote memorization of facts that are forgotten as soon as the test is taken. 

Technology is not an essential element in active learning. Our school's 7th graders had a fabulous interdisciplinary unit where students read The Call of the Wild by Jack London. The students were divided into teams that designed and built their own Iditarod sleds (with wheels rather than runners), made creative team names, shirts, cheers or songs, built fires, created questions that needed to be answered by teams at race stations and, finally, raced other teams around the school, with one student riding as the musher and the others pulling the sled. The project required a great deal of coordination and planning, with parent participation to help with the supervision of power tools and stations along the race, but the effort was worth it. The students were so highly motivated and engaged, with real hands on learning, and it was a true highlight of their time in middle school. They will certainly remember The Call of the Wild.

Certainly creating active learning experiences require more effort and planning than the traditional lecture and test model of teaching, but the rewards can be great for teachers and students alike.

Why did I name this blog "Brushstrokes"? Several years ago, I learned the art of Sumi-e painting, an ancient Japanese ink painting technique, where I learned how to manipulate a brush to create different types of strokes to create different effects. Knowing some basic brushstrokes then opened a world of possibilities for painting. We all need ways to communicate and express ourselves, and given the right tools, the possibilities are endless.

Sumi-e painting by Roosevelt 5th grader

https://youtu.be/iGQriYl0r80

I have been teaching for a long time, always combining my interests in art and special education. Those interests overlap, as they both have so much to do with expression. In my first job, back in the 80s, I taught in a residential school in England for severely emotionally disturbed children, which is definitely the hardest thing I've ever done. (I'm actually amazed that 30 some years later I am still working in the area of special education, as those early years were so physically and emotionally demanding.  However, I didn't get any help in my classroom back then. Having the support of other adults in the class makes a world of difference and I continue to be amazed and inspired by students who are unique and experience the world in a less typical way.) Very early on, working with troubled kids, I found that so many of their emotions came out in their artwork, in a way that wasn't possible with words. Kids often find it difficult to talk about their feelings, and drawing or painting feels more like play. I really wanted to know how to encourage greater creative expression, and to respond to them in a meaningful way, enabling them the opportunity to work through some of their troubles. That desire to help led me to train as an art therapist.


After living in England for seven years, I moved back to Chicago and worked with children with autism, first at Michael Reese Hospital's Developmental Institute, then Easter Seal's Therapeutic Day School. Again, I was able to experience the power of art and its ability to offer a means of expression for individuals who are unable to communicate well in other ways. I also had the privilege of supervising art therapy interns from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and was rewarded with free continuing ed art classes. This opportunity enabled me to explore so many different areas of art that I had not experimented with before. I took sculpture, figure drawing, charcoal drawing of abstractions from nature, portrait drawing, Sumi-e painting, printmaking and quite a few other classes. I continue to bring what I learned in these classes into my teaching of art, particularly since I now teach in the regular education setting as well.
I have been lucky that my combination of interests have been valued by administrators. I teach art to over 150 fifth graders each year and offer an adaptive art class at the primary school, with their lowest functioning special needs students (the Skills class). I also job share teaching the middle school special needs class, where I teach reading, writing, math, and life skills, including the best part of the week, cooking!

In recent years, our Skills students are spending less and less time in the self-contained classroom and are going to far more regular ed classes. They used to attend just art, music and PE with their peers, but now we are including them in Science, Social Studies and more. Technology is a valuable tool for students with special needs in the classroom, as it allows them to access so much that was impossible in the past. Some of my students are unable to speak, so we are exploring ways to use technology and communication devices. There are now exciting possibilities for these kids and I am wanting to know more!
I guess both of my jobs, in special education and art, focus on providing opportunities for students to explore, grow and learn to express themselves. I am thinking this blog could be a way to share ideas that promote expression, combining the worlds of art, special education and technology.

In my personal life, I am crazy about traveling and having adventures. I am married to an artist and we have two kids who share our passions as well. My daughter, Naomi, is 25 and works as an occupational therapist. She made her first trip abroad when she was just six weeks old! She is in love with a lovely young man from Ecuador, so I see the purchasing of many more plane tickets in our future! My son, Carl, is 23 and he is passionate about the environment, permaculture, and photography. He just returned from a summer photography/farming trip in Peru and Bolivia and is about to travel by van from California to Alaska. We all have an insatiable desire for adventure. (Carl and I went skydiving to celebrate his 18th birthday!) We travel cheaply, and have been to so many amazing places: national parks in the U.S., including Yellowstone, the Tetons, Glacier, Arches, Rocky Mountain and more, Peru, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Europe, and Canada. Still, some of our best trips have been closer to home. One of our favorite places in the world is Sleeping Bear Dunes, in Michigan. Hmmm, I think this blog could have a travel tips section as well!

An amazing Christmas at Machu Picchu - personal photo